Immunology Concept Map

Created by Rama O'Dwyer

IgG

• majpr Ig in blood
• Activate complement
• Opsonization
• Type 2  hypersensitivity

Eosinophils and Basophils

• Allergic response and inflammatory response against large pathogens such as helminths 

Treg

• Regulate the immune system
• Inhibit inflammatory cytokines

BAFF

• maturation, dfferenciation and survival of B cells

Plasma cell

• produce Igs

IgA

• major Ig in MALT
• Protect mucosal tissues from pathogens

IL-1

• Induces fever and acute phase reactants
• Stimulate B-Cell activation
• Promote Leukocytes migration

Il10

• produced by treg and macrophages
• Reduce proinflammatory cytokines 
• Promote the differenciation of T cells to Treg

INFa & INFb

• Limit viral replication
• Produced by all virally infected cells. 

B Lymphocyte

• Naive B cell encounters its antigen and become activated
• IL2 will activates it to produce more antibodies and to differennciate to memory B cell

IL-6

• Acute phase reactant
• stimulate liver to produce fibrinogen, CR proten, serium amyloid protein
• Late B cell differenciation
• CD4+ and CD8+ differenciation

Dendritic cell

Dendritic cell is an APC that is both an effector and inducer, i.e can degrade antigen and present the epitope via MHC1 or MHC2

Memory B cell

• For future exposure to the same antigen

IgE

• Responsible to allergic and parasitic response
• Activate mast, eosinophils and basophils to degranulate 

presenting antigen via MHC-1

Macrophage

the binding of the macrophage to the pathogen via MAMPS/DAMPS activte the macrophage to produce cytokines and chemokines that will recruit more immune response.

CD8+ Tcell

Cytotoxic T cells

• Directly kills the pathogen

Il-4

• Produced by TH2 cells
• activate mast cells and eosinophils to produce IgE
• Activate B cells to undergo class switching from IgG/M to IgE

presenting antigen. via MHC-2

Mast Cells

• causes vasodilation and increase cell permeability
• histamine, proteases, prostaglandins leukotrienes, heparin and other cell inflammatory mediators. 

Foreign or self-antigen

This antigen has MHC-1 or MHC-2, MAMPS or DAMPS

presenting antigen via MHC-2

TNFa &TNFb

• Cytotoxic for tumors
• Causes cachexia 
• Mediates bacterial shock

IL5

• Produced by Th2 cells
• stimulate IgA response 

NK cell

Binds to the pathogen via MAMPS/DAMPS

• Degranulate and produce granzyme and perforins to kill pathogen
• Can produce IFNg

T-H cells produce IL-2

T-Helper cells

IL-2

• Proliferation of  CD4+ and CD8+ T cells 
• Activates B cells and NK cells

CD4+ T-Cell

IL-12

• Activate NK cells
• Activate the differenciation of CD4+ to T-H cells and CD8+ to Cytotoxic T cell
•  

Neutrophils

• engulf pathogens especially bacterial 
• activate other immune cells 

IgM

• 1st Ig produced in response to inflammation
• Activate the complement 
• Opsonization 
• Type 2 hypersensitivity

Complement

• C3b- opsonization
• C5b+C6-C9 = form MAC
• C3a,C4a,C5a= inflammatory cytokines,